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Stainless Steel grade 304 may be the best choice for interior and exterior railing system designs-especially if the application is away from large amounts of saltwater and is not exposed to extreme conditions. Although 304 stainless steel is usually used for indoor applications, it is also suitable for protected outdoor applications. Grade 304 stainless steel can be utilized in indoor as well as outdoor applications performs where conditions are not overly harsh or extreme, or where the railing system is protected from the environment. For swimming pool fencing or railing system near coastal areas, grade 316 or duplex 2205 stainless steel can give better resistance in these harsh environments. Whether you 304 stainless steel or 316 stainless steel for your railing system, consider your application and the total budge when deciding which material to use. Grade 316 stainless steel is more expensive than 304 stainless steel. Grade 316 stainless steel contains more nickel which makes it corrosion resistant to rust. Contact Highco, you can be benefit from us to minimize your risk and reduce your procurement costs.

Stainless steel handrail fittings come in many different types, allowing you to easily adjust your rail system to the layout of your home. Handrail fittings commonly used in life include handrail support, handrail bracket, handrail end cap and other handrail connectors and glass fittings. Stainless Steel Handrails are an essential part of any staircase. These provide an extra level of safety, helping people avoid dangerous trips and falls. Either you have purchased a new house or are planning to remodel your existing home; you should consider adding handrail fittings to your stairs. These railings are important because they can stop people from falling down the stairs, and they look sleek and give people a firm grip on it. When it comes to handrail fittings, you might wonder which type is the best choice. According to more than 50% of people, it is stainless steel. You might be wondering why? It is because stainless steel is one of the most durable metals used to improve household tasks. In addition to being highly durable, they are also super easy to maintain and clean, which is why they are so popular with people right now, especially house owners. Not only are they easy to maintain, they are also very easy to install, so they can be used for both indoor and outdoor handrail fittings. Nowadays, handrails made of stainless steel are one of the most favorite options for people who own houses, office buildings, etc. Although, it`s totally understandable if you can`t choose the perfect railing systems for you because it is not an easy task, however, if you are looking for a sustainable, durable, and sleek railing, then stainless steel railings are definitely the best choice for you.

Stainless steel handrail fitting is not maintenance free but is maintenance friendly. Outdoor stainless steel railings need to be cleaned periodically, especially in coastal areas or swimming pools. Washing stainless steel railing fittings with a mild detergent will help with reducing tea staining. Please note that handrail fittings with deep gap or narrow crevice designs require more regular maintenance. In coastal location or swimming pools, stainless steel handrail fittings with highly polished surface are recommended. The smoother the surface finish, the better. Satin finished handrail fittings should be far away from high salt environments. Rough surface finishes promote tea staining. Satin finished products require more regular maintenance. Stainless steel handrail fittings surface roughness should be less than Ra0.5.

During the process of casting and metal liquid solidification, the surface of the casting will oxidize due to the high temperature, and the oxide layer will be uneven. The metal oxide on the surface of the casting may interact with the oxide in the shell to promote the uneven surface of the casting, which is remarkable. Increase the roughness of the surface of the casting. Cooling of the casting under a protective atmosphere is an important part of obtaining a high quality surface. After the casting is cast, it is cooled under an inert gas or a reducing protective atmosphere to prevent oxidation and prevent surface decarburization, and to protect the surface of the casting from the oxidation temperature. The surface of the casting with good surface protection is silver grey, silver white or colored oxidized color after shelling. Cleaning has a great influence on the surface roughness of investment castings. The as-cast surface roughness of investment castings is originally low, and blast cleaning or water sand cleaning should be used to clean the surface. The blasting method is better than the surface roughness of the shot peening casting by 2 or more. Peeling often destroys the as-cast surface. For stainless steel investment castings with high hardness, shot peening can also be used to improve efficiency, but the diameter of shot peening should be less than 0.3mm. In short, the surface quality of castings is an important quality index for investment castings. The surface quality includes two related and not identical concepts of surface roughness and surface defects. Surface roughness refers to the uniform microscopic unevenness of the surface of the casting. Castings with low surface roughness can be produced only by preventing serious defects on the surface of the casting, and the surface roughness of the casting is low to achieve high dimensional accuracy. There are many factors affecting the surface roughness of investment castings. It is necessary to carry out a set of strict technological measures from raw materials, molding to cleaning to reduce the surface roughness of castings.

Investment casting is determined by its process, the production cycle is long, and there are many factors affecting the deformation, which is easy to cause deformation of the precision casting. The deformation of the precision casting not only adds a lot of work to the cleaning and finishing process, but also causes more waste if it is improperly controlled and handled. Therefore, in actual production, it is necessary to control various processes, strictly enforce process discipline, and reduce the deformation of precision castings by taking effective measures. The so-called deformation means that the shape and size of the cast part after casting and cleaning do not match the pattern. The main performance is as follows: the circular parts become elliptical; the vertical wall of the box can not meet the requirements of the model; all kinds of opening gears increase or decrease; the plate and strips are twisted and warped, and the flatness is unqualified. The concentricity and relative position of the porous casting are unqualified. The causes and processes of the deformation are roughly classified into the following categories: deformation caused by the shape of the shell; deformation due to improper placement of the casting and heat treatment. According to the above analysis and combined with the actual production control situation, it is very important to prevent the deformation and deformation correction of the precision casting. 1. The deformation of the casting mold causes deformation of the precision casting In the investment precision casting, the paste molding is used. Therefore, in the production process of the wax mold, the solidification process of the paste molding material, that is, the cooling process, causes the wax mold to cause certain deformation. If it is not prevented and effectively controlled, the precision casting will be deformed. , affecting the quality of the product, the dimensional accuracy of the wax mold directly determines the dimensional accuracy of the final precision casting. (1) Improper molding material causes deformation of the wax pattern. Due to the large shrinkage rate of the molding material, the large wax pattern is deformed, resulting in a decrease in external dimensions, insufficient machining allowance or no processing. Such deformations lead to an increase in the amount of repair work for the precision castings, which may directly result in waste. The main precautions are to re-correct the mold or replace the more reasonable and stable mold according to the shrinkage of the mold. (2) Forming too early or uneven cooling to form a wax mold deformation. When the mold is too early, the thin rod and the thin plate member are easily twisted, and the size of the wax mold is easily formed; the uneven cooling is easy to make the symmetric spacing. Deviations occur, such as when valve products are unevenly cooled, especially in the case of large and medium-sized products. The main preventive measures are to control the die-cutting time according to the size of the mold and the type of the mold. When the wax is pressed, the dwell time is appropriately increased. The wax mold should be cooled in the water in a balanced manner. Some products must be fully immersed in the cooling water and kept enough. Cooling time. (3) If the mold is not properly operated or the mold is improperly stored, the mold deformation operation may be improper, and the thin member may be bent or twisted. It is also easy to change to a long wax pattern. When the investment mold is not properly stored, the larger investment mold is easily distorted. The main precautionary measure is to add a mold-releasing device during the design of the mold, and to ensure reasonable storage of the mold, and if necessary, a special tire can be designed to store the wax mold. (4) Some structural characteristics of the parts lead to deformation. Some products are easy-to-deformed parts. It is easy to form an ellipse when two inner gates of a ring are formed. When two inner gates of a plate are placed on a large surface, a bend is formed. Bow-shaped. For example, the precision casting wedge head is shown in Figure 1. The height of the product at the 30mm opening is 185mm. At the beginning of production, only one lacing is placed on the top of the piece, which is intended to ensure that the opening size is guaranteed during casting. When the wax mold is inspected, the size changes. When assembling with the matching parts, almost every piece is shaped to affect the production progress. After that, several samples were specially processed. When the wax mold was cooled in and out of the water, the sample was inserted into the bottom of the mold opening to increase the obstruction to limit the shrinkage deformation, which solved the problem better. 2. Process design factors cause deformation It should be said that there are many types of investment castings, so the factors of process test are not mature during the prototype production. In addition, the structure of the precision castings is diverse, the types of materials are complex, and the deformation factors are increased. Such as the lock product, its structure is simple, single weight 2kg, as shown in Figure 2. The part has two opening sizes. When the size of the wax mold is stable, only one deformation of the two opening parts after casting is performed, and the process is improved, and only the rib is added to the size of 70 mm. 3. Shape deformation The shell manufacturing is the key process to ensure the surface quality of the product, and it is also the process that affects the appearance of the part. Due to the influence of the operation method and temperature, the deformation of the mold shell may be caused. This deformation is caused by the deformation of the thin rod itself. On the other hand, it is due to the low strength of the shell, which causes the shell to bulge or dent when dewaxed. For example, when the shell is hardened, when the shell is hardened, the bottom groove portion forms helium gas, and the hardened liquid cannot be contacted, resulting in insufficient hardening of the portion, forming a layer, and the inner cavity of the shell is inflated, causing the product to be scrapped. After the hardening process is improved, that is, during the hardening of the hardening pool, it is turned over several times, so that the grooves can be hardened in place, thereby avoiding such defects. Therefore, for the problem of deformation of the shell, as long as the hardening process is carried out to ensure the strength of the shell and prolong the natural hardening time, the deformation of the shell can be prevented. 4. Deformation formed during pouring and cleaning and heat treatment Such deformation less frequent, but because of the quality of personnel operations and management of different levels, such distortion is inevitable. As when pouring casting, shell put unreasonable because, especially large investment casting shell when placed uneven cause deformation. When the shell is slightly cracked, if it is not buried, it will cause the casting to bulge. If the hammer is directly hit by a sledgehammer or a hammer when cleaning the shell, the thin part may be deformed. Castings, especially box and rod parts, may be deformed if they are unreasonably placed during heat treatment. Such defects can be reduced or avoided as long as they are carefully operated and placed reasonably. 5. Correction of deformation (1) Correction of wax pattern deformation Because of the low strength of the wax pattern, it is much easier to correct the wax pattern than to correct the casting. In the production process, proper correction of the deformed or deformed wax pattern can prevent the casting of the product from being deformed. When the size is large, the wax pattern is deformed when it is cooled and naturally placed. For this wax mold, it can be corrected by using the bottom partial support or the weight applied above, and some products which are easy to be deformed during casting can also be adjusted and controlled by increasing the amount of deformation during the wax mold correction. (2) Correction of deformed castings The deformed castings with large dimensions need to be corrected under heating conditions, and the working conditions are relatively bad. For thin plate type deformed castings, it can be directly tapped to adjust the deformation. However, due to different materials, some products are prone to cracking and other defects, and the cold correction forming stress is large, and the casting will be gradually deformed, but the deformation amount is small. In the production, the correction for the larger size products is mostly carried out under the condition of annealing and heat preservation. The annealing furnace door is opened first, and the castings are taken out under the red hot state, placed on the special tires and corrected by the hydraulic press, and the measured correction amount is reached. After the deformation requirement is in accordance with the size of the pattern, the casting is taken out from the press and placed in the kiln, and the desired effect is achieved after annealing. If the inner cavity of the box-shaped casting is inflated, the appropriate support is placed in the inner cavity according to the amount of deformation, and the deformation space is reserved, and the weight is confirmed to be in the annealing process. Medium natural correction. 6. Conclusion The deformation of the precision casting is mostly caused by the deformation of the wax mold and the structure of the casting. The focus is on the shaping and cooling by increasing the shrinkage of the wax mold. In the process design, the reinforcement can be prevented by adding reinforcing ribs, process ribs and anti-deformation means; serious process discipline , special inspection tools and tires are added for inspection. Reasonable correction of deformed wax molds and precision castings can increase productivity, reduce finishing effort, and ensure that the final product meets user needs. About the author: Yin Zhiguang, deputy general manager of Zhangjiakou Zhongdi Equipment Exploration Engineering Machinery Co., Ltd.

A new type of plate casting system replaces the traditional cylindrical sprue casting system that has been used for many years, and the production of large quantities of small castings not only improves the precision and surface quality of the castings, but also greatly improves the production efficiency. Reduced casting costs. The long-term production practice proves that the design is reasonable, the use is feasible, the benefits are considerable, and it conforms to the special law of small casting production.

Castings can be divided into cast steel parts, cast iron parts, ductile iron parts, aluminum alloy castings, etc. according to the material. It is reported that from January to February in 2013, the total output of steel castings in China experienced a year-on-year decline. This has affected the total output of castings in China in 2013 to some extent. According to relevant inspection data, the total output of steel castings in China in January-February 2013 was 1.5937 million tons, a year-on-year decrease of 3.89% year-on-year. In terms of steel output from various provinces and cities, from January to February 2013, Henan Province The output of steel castings was 369,500 tons, a year-on-year decrease of 12.43%, accounting for 23.19% of the country's total output; Ningxia yield of steel castings was 6,241.84 tons, a year-on-year decrease of 27.1%; Anhui's steel castings were 113,911.77 tons, a year-on-year decrease of 1.99. %; The output of steel castings in Sichuan was 102,207.59 tons, a decrease of 1.58% from the same period of 2012. This time, the production of steel castings in most parts of the country has been accompanied by a declining phenomenon, mainly due to the macroeconomic recession at home and abroad. According to the current status quo, relevant experts believe that the probability of rapid recovery of the foundry industry in the coming period of time Very small, in the short term, it is still unable to get rid of the weak status. Obviously, the increase in the output of steel castings will not be large, which will affect the total output of castings in China more or less.

With the improvement of people's living standards, whether it is a villa or a rural self-built house, stainless steel staircases are everywhere. Stainless steel stair railings are widely used throughout our lives. So, how much is a meter of stainless steel stair railing ? Next, Xiao Bian introduced the price of stainless steel stair railings.

With the improvement of people's living standards, whether it is a villa or a rural self-built house, stainless steel staircases are everywhere. Stainless steel stair railings are widely used throughout our lives. So, how much is a meter of stainless steel stair railing ? Next, Xiao Bian introduced the price of stainless steel stair railings. Stainless steel stair railings Stainless steel staircase handrails are made of stainless steel, mainly composed of handrails, columns, bases and other parts, generally referred to as stainless steel stair handrails. Stainless steel staircase handrails are widely used in most shopping malls. They have good hand feeling, modern feel and easy to clean. The most important thing is not rust and long life. The more common stainless steel staircase column material on the market is usually more stainless steel 304, 316 more material in coastal areas, with the advantages of corrosion resistance. Stainless steel stair handrails 1, Hanyang stainless steel staircase handrail: 100 yuan / meter Wuhan Brilliant Stainless Steel Co., Ltd. is a professional stainless steel product processing and design and installation department. It is located in Hongyang building materials market in Hanyang District, Wuhan City. Production of various stainless steel products, such as stainless steel stair railings, stainless steel non-standard materials, stainless steel flagpoles, flagpoles, stainless steel doors, stainless steel billboards, stainless steel advertising bar, stainless steel bulletin board, stainless steel sun shed, classified stainless steel trash, etc. Wait. 2, Shanxi stainless steel staircase handrail: 110 yuan / meter With strong resistance to pollution, acid, corrosion, wear resistance, no radioactivity. The product surface is smooth and dense. Difficult to dust pollution, compared with the white cement railings and rough stone railings, there is a good self-cleaning. 3, Suzhou stainless steel staircase handrail: 165 yuan / meter Over the years, the company has developed and developed staircase handrail column products, has advanced production equipment, can provide customers with a complete design, the full range, using a variety of materials made of stainless steel refining. The company's stainless steel staircase handrail column in the appearance, structure are all innovative, simple and elegant style, unite the classic and brilliant. 4, Demus stainless steel stair handrail: 300 yuan / meter or so As a professional stair handrail design and production company, Foshan Demess Hardware has won the recognition of our customers with its high quality products and reasonable prices. Demce stainless steel stair handrails are reasonably priced. Stainless steel staircase handrails can be divided into 304 stainless steel stair handrails and 316 stainless steel stair handrails. The price of 304 stainless steel stair railings is generally 300 yuan/meter. 316 stainless steel stair handrail is 350-400 yuan / meter. The above is about how much money a meter of stainless steel stair railings related content, I hope to help you. For more information on stairs prices, stay tuned for this site. Double staircase stairs staircase decoration renderings